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Norwich University Online

Kreitzberg Library for CGCS Students

Find and Use Archival Materials

What Are Archives?

Depending on usage, the word "archives" may be broadly defined in several ways but most often means records created or accumulated by one person, family, or organization and preserved because of their continuing value.

Since the contents of an archival collection may broadly reflect the varied interests or activities of a particular group or person, understanding what archives are and how they are organized can be an important first step towards locating primary sources in archival collections.

View this presentation to learn more

Slide introducing what archives are

Where to Look

Suggested resources for starting a search for archival collections in databases:

  • ArchiveGrid: Over 7 million records describing archival materials in archives, libraries, museums and historical societies across the world.

Because archival collections are usually organized by creator and not subject, you'll usually have the best luck if you search for the records and papers of those specific people and organizations you've identified as associated with your topic.

How to Search

Another way you may want to search is directly through specific repositories.

Think of specific archival repositories that are likely to hold records related to your topic. For example, if you are researching an individual, consider inquiring at the university they attended, or the state or local historical society in the place they're from.

Also consider the type of archival records most likely to assist your research and determine the type of archival repository where they are most likely to be found. 

Here is a list of some types of archival repositories and the types of records they usually make available:

  • State and national archives - government and military records
  • State and local historical societies - records of local organizations and prominent individuals and families
  • Universities - records of the university itself, and often its alumni and regional topics or events
  • Public and private research libraries - local and regional history, organizations, events, and people, in addition to subject areas of interest